 fter
designing the RU-200 ICBM and the UR-500 "Proton" space launcher
Chelomei's OKB-52 (now NPO "Salyut") developed a new ICBM
know as UR-100N or RS-18 or SS-19 "Stilleto" between 1964 and
1975. 360 copies of the 4th generation ICBM were manufactured in
the 70ies and 80ies. The competing design of Yangel, the
MR-UR-100, was also put into production when the Soviet
hierarchy deadlocked and could not pick one design over the
other. The RS-18 was one of the first Soviet ICBMs with
multiple, independently targeted warheads. The UR-100N could
deliver six 375 kg / 750 kt MIRV's to a range of 9075 km with a
CEP of 550 m. At least 146 of these have been fired.
Missile system reliability was estimated to be 85%, and with a
warhead reliability of 95% and force readiness of 90%, total
system reliability was estimated as 75%. The UR-100N was
deployed from 1975. Accuracy problems associated with first
stage oscillations only became apparent during tests of
in-service missiles in 1979. Interim fixes were made, but the
UR-100N was replaced before the end of its 10 year service life
by the UR-100NU, beginning in 1979, with all UR-100N's retired
by 1983. It uses four steerable engines (RD-0233/0234) in stage
1 and a single-chamber main engine with a four-chamber steering
engine (RD-0235/0236) in stage 2. All these engines are from
Kosberg (KB Khimautomatiki). The UR-100N is about 27 meters long
and 2.5 meters in diameter, with a gross takeoff mass of 90
tons. By adding a new liquid propellant third stage "Breeze" to
the two stage RS-18 ICBM, Russian aerospace engineers created a
2.5 m diameter, 24.6 m
tallspace launch |
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UR-100N |
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